There are many types of power supply. Most are designed to convert high voltage AC mains electricity to a suitable low voltage supply for electronics circuits and other devices.
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| High Volt to Low volt |
Batteries are often shown on a schematic diagram as the source of DC voltage but usually the actual DC voltage source is a power supply.
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| DC Voltage |
A more reliable method of obtaining DC power is to transform, rectify, filter and regulate an AC line voltage.
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| Power signal of DC & AC |
A power supply can by broken down into a series of blocks, each of which performs a particular function.
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| Block Diagram DC |
Power supply: A group of circuits that convert the standard ac voltage (120 V, 60 Hz) provided by the wall outlet to constant dc voltage.
Transformer : A device that step up or step down the ac voltage provided by the wall outlet to a desired amplitude through the action of a magnetic field.
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| Flow Diagram |
Rectifier: A diode circuits that converts the ac input voltage to a pulsating dc voltage.
The pulsating dc voltage is only suitable to be used as a battery charger, but not good enough to be used as a dc power supply in a radio, stereo system, computer and so on.
There are two basic types of rectifier circuits:
- Half-wave rectifier
- Full-wave rectifier - Center-tapped & Bridge full-wave rectifier
In summary, a full-wave rectified signal has less ripple than a half-wave rectified signal and is thus better to apply to a filter.
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| Types of rectification |
Filter: A circuit used to reduce the fluctuation in the rectified output voltage or ripple. This provides a steadier dc voltage.
Regulator: A circuit used to produces a constant dc output voltage by reducing the ripple to negligible amount. One part of power supply.
- Regulator - Zener diode regulator
- For low current power supplies - a simple voltage regulator can be made with a resistor and a zener diode connected in reverse.
- Zener diodes are rated by their breakdown voltage Vz and maximum power Pz (typically 400mW or 1.3W)
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| Zener diode |
Everything you do depends on your electric devices why don't you make sure it is safe and protective. You can manually save your electric devices from dust, sun rays, but what about electricity. Many electric devices you use are pretty sensitive like TV, Fridge, Air Conditioner etc. They require a proper voltage for proper working, if it is unstable your device to get damaged. Just have one voltage stabilizer for your devices for a long lasting life.
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