Learn more about voltage regulation types and functions

Voltage Regulation:
The voltage regulation of transformer is the percentage of the output voltage from no-load to full-load.
Two basic categories of voltage regulation are:

• line regulation
• load regulation

Types of regulation

The purpose of line regulation is to maintain a nearly constant output voltage when the input voltage varies.

The purpose of load regulation is to maintain a nearly constant output voltage when the load varies.

Line Regulation: 

A change in input (line) voltage does not significantly affect the output voltage of a regulator (within certain limits)

Line Regulation

Line regulation can be defined as the percentage change in the output voltage for a given change in the input voltage.

Line regulation formula

Δ means “a change in”

Line regulation can be calculated using the following formula:

Line regulation work out formula

Load regulation:

A change in load current (due to a varying RL) has practically no effect on the output voltage of a regulator (within certain limits)

Load regulation

Load regulation can be defined as the percentage change in the output voltage from no-load (NL) to full-load (FL).

Load regulation %

Where:

VNL  = the no-load output voltage

VFL  = the full-load output voltage

Sometimes power supply manufacturers specify the equivalent output resistance (Rout) instead of its load regulation.

RFL equal the smallest-rated load resistance, then VFL:

Rearrange the equation:

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